If you notice the signs of a stroke in yourself or a loved one, the first step is to call 911. The second step is to take note of the time.

The time when symptoms begin is called time last known well. Doctors use this information to decide if a patient is eligible for the most effective stroke treatment.

The most common type of stroke occurs when a blood clot blocks a blood vessel in the brain. To treat this type of stroke, doctors use a clot-dissolving medicine called tPA. This medicine is only effective within a four-and-a-half-hour window once the stroke begins. However, many stroke patients don’t get to the hospital in time for tPA treatment. That’s why it’s vital to recognize the signs of stroke and call 911 immediately.

Use the acronym FAST to remember the signs of a stroke:

F is for face drooping. One side of the face may sag.
A is for arm weakness or numbness, usually in one arm.
S is for speech difficulty, such as slurred speech or the inability to talk.
T is for time. Even if these symptoms get better, call 911 immediately. Check the time to know when symptoms began.

Remember, “Time Is Brain”: Human nervous tissue is rapidly lost as stroke progresses, and emergency evaluation and therapy are required.

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